Spalling is the deterioration of a brick's surface brought on by moisture. Brick is porous and when the water it absorbs expands due to freezing temperatures, it causes the brick to break apart, or spall. Spalling can happen in their basement, but it's most common in chimneys.
And here's the really bad news: spalled brick is almost impossible to repair. Damaged bricks have to be cut out and replaced. It's an expensive, slow and tedious process. But there are a few things you can do to help prevent spalling:
A masonry sealant can help prevent the problem as long as it allows the brick to breathe.
Keep moisture away from brick foundations by providing proper drainage away from the house.
And if spalling is confined to just a few bricks, leave them alone. They won't compromise the stability of a wall or a chimney.
If spalling is severe, consult a professional. It's necessary for the safety of your home. But be prepared to watch your checkbook balance crumble, along with the brick.
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